Foundation
Foundation is that part of the structure that connects and transmits the loads from the superstructure and its self weight to, and into the underlying soil and rock.
Functions of foundation
- To provide vertical and lateral stability for super structure.
- To provide level and firm bed for the structure.
- To distribute the load of super-structure over large area
- To uniformly distribute the load into the soil for prevention of unequal settlement.
- To prevent the lateral movement of the supporting material.
Classification of foundation
- Shallow foundation
Depth/Width < 1 (Terzaghi)
Less expensive, better for lighter structures on less
problematic soils.
- Spread or Isolated Footing
- strip or wall Footing
- Combined Footing Strap
- Cantilever Footing
- Mat/Raft foundation
2.Deep Foundation
Depth/Width > 1 (Terzaghi)
More expensive, typically used for heavy tall structures on problematic soils.
- Piles Pier Wells or Caisson